DAY CARE ANEASTHESIA

INTRODUCTION

      The concept of providing health care on a day care basis started with the concern of decreasing the cost. Over last two decades, it has brought about a dramatic metamorphosis in the approach to health care delivery.

PREOPERATIVE PERIOD: Case selection: The basic concept is that, the quality of care provided to day care and inpatient are same. A minor surgical procedure in healthy patients(ASA I,II) without any need for major fluid infusion (or) blood transfusion can be carried out even in primary care center (or) nursing homes. Procedures like Biopsy, Herniotomy, Circumcision, I&D, closed reduction, Diagnostic Laparoscopy, Cyst excision, Endoscopic procedures in urology, corneal suturing, foreign body removal etc., can be done as day care surgeries.

PREMEDICATION: With demand of early recovery and discharge patients coming for day care are either not given any premedication (or) mild short acting sedative like midazolam. Spending sometime with the patient is more important than sedatives. Patient are nowadays allowed fluid 2-4 hrs prior to surgery.

INTRA-OPERATIVE PERIOD: New short acting drugs with early recovery like propofol, sevoflurane, desflurane, fentanyl, atracurium are available nowadays. Propofol is preferred because of clear headed wake up and low incidence of nausea & vomiting. Ketamine is not a good Choice as induction agent because of delayed recovery & hallucination. Endo tracheal Anaesthesia can be replaced by facemask (or) LMA. (Laryngeal Mask Airway)

      Regional blocks are simple, safe and effective techniques to provide intra operative painrelief. GA along with blocks lead to early recovery and least of post operative complications like nausea, vomiting, headache etc.,

POST OPERATIVE PERIOD: Common post operative problems are pain, nausea, drowsiness, Headache, urinary retention and sorethroat. Pain & nausea relived by good intraoperative and post operative NSAIDS and antiemetics (ondensetron 4-8mg). Postoperatively oral Fluids can be allowed whenever the patient feel hungry.

CONCLUSION
Being developing country the advantage of cost is a greater concern for us than western countries. Availability of costly newer drugs and day care centers are not absolute necessities to start day care facility. Currently available drugs & equipments are good enough.


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